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limiting group of symmetry

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  • Symmetry of second derivatives — In mathematics, the symmetry of second derivatives (also called the equality of mixed partials) refers to the possibility of interchanging the order of taking partial derivatives of a function of n variables. If the partial derivative with… …   Wikipedia

  • Point group — The Bauhinia blakeana flower on the Hong Kong flag has C5 symmetry; the star on each petal has D5 symmetry. In geometry, a point group is a group of geometric symmetries (isometries) that keep at least one point fixed. Point groups can exist in a …   Wikipedia

  • Special relativity — (SR) (also known as the special theory of relativity or STR) is the physical theory of measurement in inertial frames of reference proposed in 1905 by Albert Einstein (after considerable contributions of Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré) in the …   Wikipedia

  • Path integral formulation — This article is about a formulation of quantum mechanics. For integrals along a path, also known as line or contour integrals, see line integral. The path integral formulation of quantum mechanics is a description of quantum theory which… …   Wikipedia

  • Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace       The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …   Universalium

  • Modern searches for Lorentz violation — Important motivations for modern searches for Lorentz violation are deviations from Lorentz invariance (and thus special relativity) predicted by some variations of quantum gravity, string theory, and some alternatives to general relativity.… …   Wikipedia

  • reaction mechanism — Introduction       in chemical reactions (chemical reaction), the detailed processes by which chemical substances are transformed into other substances. The reactions themselves may involve the interactions of atoms (atom), molecules (molecule),… …   Universalium

  • Sexual selection — This article is about the evolutionary concept. For the selection of the sex of offspring, see sex selection. Goldie s Bird of paradise: Ornamented male above; female below. Paradesia decora by John Gerrard Keulemans (d.1912) Sexual selection, a… …   Wikipedia

  • Gauge theory — For a generally accessible and less technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to gauge theory. In physics, a gauge theory is a type of field theory in which the Lagrangian is invariant under a continuous group of local transformations …   Wikipedia

  • subatomic particle — or elementary particle Any of various self contained units of matter or energy. Discovery of the electron in 1897 and of the atomic nucleus in 1911 established that the atom is actually a composite of a cloud of electrons surrounding a tiny but… …   Universalium

  • Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology       In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …   Universalium

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